Mississippi · Region

The Mississippi Delta

Winterville Mounds, the blues towns, the Greenville levee and the Emmett Till and Fannie Lou Hamer sites: the flat Delta where cotton, music and the movement met.

11 places to explore

Long before cotton, the Delta belonged to the people who raised Winterville Mounds by hand from about AD 1000, a ceremonial center near Greenville that Mississippi's archives department says was most likely built by ancestors of the Natchez. When Hernando de Soto crossed the river in 1541 he met the Quizquiz, who later reorganized as the Tunica. Delta National Forest keeps some of the bottomland hardwood that once covered the country.

Then came levees, plantations and railroads, and a cotton economy built on Black labor that gave little back. Dockery Farms, the Greenville levee in 1927 and Parchman Farm show it from different angles, and Mound Bayou shows another answer, a town founded in 1887 by formerly enslaved men to be their own. The same ground gave the country its music, from Charley Patton at Dockery to the museums in Clarksdale and Indianola.

It is also where the civil rights movement turned on a murder and a grave. Bryant's Grocery in Money and the courthouse and interpretive center in Sumner hold the story of Emmett Till, and Fannie Lou Hamer lies in Ruleville beside her husband. Roadside markers from the Mississippi Freedom Trail and the Blues Trail carry much of the telling. The country is flat and the distances long, so plan quiet stops.

What to See in The Mississippi Delta

11 places across the region, grouped by what they are.

Natural Areas

Delta National Forest

Rolling Fork

The only bottomland hardwood forest in the national forest system, some 60,000 acres of oak, ash and cypress in Sharkey County, run with the state as Sunflower Wildlife Management Area.

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Historic Sites

The vine-covered remains of a small store behind orange safety fencing, seen across a gravel lot from the road, with tall trees overhead and a pole at left.

Bryant's Grocery

Greenwood

The ruin of the Money store where Emmett Till was accused in August 1955, on private land beside the railroad, with a Mississippi Freedom Trail marker at the corner.

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Emmett Till Interpretive Center and the Tallahatchie County Courthouse

Sumner

The 1955 courthouse in Sumner where Emmett Till's killers were acquitted, restored to that year, and the interpretive center across the street that opened after the county's 2007 apology.

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Two gray headstones stand inside a black iron fence at the far end of a landscaped garden, with a concrete walk, crape myrtles and the Ruleville water tower behind.

Fannie Lou Hamer Memorial Garden

Ruleville

The small park on Byron Street in Ruleville where Fannie Lou Hamer is buried beside her husband, with a Freedom Trail marker and a 2012 bronze statue.

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Greenville Levee and the 1927 Flood

Greenville

The Mississippi River levee at Greenville, where thousands of mostly Black refugees camped in the flood of April 1927 and where the Department of Archives and History has placed markers.

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A 1939 photograph of a brick wall with a painted sign reading Headquarters, Mound Bayou Foundation, above an arched doorway also marked Mound Bayou Foundation.

Mound Bayou

Cleveland

The Bolivar County town founded in 1887 by men who had been enslaved at Davis Bend, built to be Black-owned, home of Taborian Hospital and a museum on Roosevelt Street.

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Parchman Farm (Mississippi State Penitentiary)

Drew

The state penitentiary on Sunflower County cotton land, built in 1900 as a prison plantation, where Freedom Riders were held in 1961; a working prison with no visits and a Blues Trail marker at its gate.

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A grass-covered earthen mound rises above a mown field under a clear blue sky at Winterville Mounds.

Winterville Mounds

Greenville

A Mississippian ceremonial center north of Greenville, built by hand from about AD 1000, with a 55-foot Temple Mound and twelve of its original twenty-three mounds still standing.

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Towns & Gateways

The wood-paneled front of the B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center, with its name on the wall, a glass entrance and a brick wing beside a paved courtyard.

B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center

Indianola

A museum built around the brick cotton gin in Indianola where B.B. King worked in the 1940s, with his grave in a memorial garden on the grounds.

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Delta Blues Museum

Clarksdale

The state's oldest music museum, in a restored 1918 freight depot in Clarksdale, with Muddy Waters's rebuilt cabin and instruments from Delta players.

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A weathered wooden barn end on timber supports carries a painted sign reading Dockery Farms, established 1895, beside a long tin-roofed plantation building.

Dockery Farms

Cleveland

The plantation on the Sunflower River where Charley Patton lived and played from about 1900, now a working farm, a National Register district and a Mississippi Blues Trail stop.

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The Mississippi Delta rewards the unhurried. Pick a base, fan out, and let the country between the headline stops surprise you.

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