Round Rock

Round Rock made more than cattle crossings. The Handbook of Texas says the railroad town of 1876 soon had a broom factory and William Walsh's lime plant, and the Round Rock Searchlight began publishing in 1879. It became the Round Rock Leader in 1896. The Round Rock Cheese Factory opened in 1928 and operated until the early 1970s. In the 1960s the town began a program of historic restoration, and Old Town, a few restored limestone buildings, is now surrounded by the modern city.

What the plaque says

Round Rock Permanent settlement began in this area in the late 1830s. By 1848, former Austin Mayor Jacob Harrell moved here, selling town lots near the Stagecoach Road crossing at Brushy Creek. A post office named "Brushy Creek" opened in 1851 in Thomas Oatts' store. Three years later, the name changed to "Round Rock" for a distinctive limestone formation marking a natural ford for wagons. With immigration from several states and Sweden, the population doubled during the 1850s, bringing new stores, churches, fraternal lodges and grain mills. The first institution of higher learning, Round Rock Academy, began in 1862. After the Civil War, the former trail and stage road became a prominent cattle drive route. In 1876, the International-Great Northern Railroad developed a new townsite east of the existing Round Rock. A commercial district sprang up along Georgetown Avenue (Main Street) with construction of many limestone buildings. "New Town" quickly eclipsed the established settlement, whose postal name changed again to "Old Round Rock." For months, the new site was the railroad terminus, bringing lumber and flour mills, cotton gins, blacksmith and wagon shops, banks, hotels, restaurants, stores and schools. Round Rock challenged the state capital for economic control of central Texas, boasting six hotels to Austin's five and serving as the retail hub for several counties to the west. The railroad also made Round Rock a more cosmopolitan place, bringing new residents from all over the U.S. And all around the world. Well-positioned for growth by its location on major transportation routes, Round Rock became one of the nation's fastest-growing cities by the late 20th century. Two dozen commercial buildings in Round Rock's historic downtown were listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. (2009)

Where it stands

Worth the stop nearby

• The Round Rock — 0.8 mi
  A table-shaped stone in Brushy Creek gave Round Rock its name in 1854; the Chisholm Trail crossed the creek near it, and Old Town stayed behind when the railroad pulled the town east.
• Inner Space Cavern — 6.9 mi
  A Georgetown cave found in 1963 when highway engineers drilled test holes, holding Pleistocene fossils and 72-degree rooms that visitors reach by an artificial tunnel.
• Williamson County Courthouse — 8.9 mi
  The fifth Williamson County courthouse, a Beaux Arts building by C. H. Page, rises over a Georgetown square of more than 50 Victorian-era buildings.
• Mount Bonnell — 14 mi
  Austin's old lookout over the Colorado, named by an 1838 traveler, picnicked on by George and Libbie Custer, and reached by a 1939 flight of about 100 limestone steps.

More markers nearby

• Otto Reinke Building — steps away
• Sam Bass' Death Site — steps away
• Trinity Lutheran College — 0.5 mi
• In Memory of The Pioneer Builders — 0.6 mi