Leadbelly in Deep Ellum

Before the fame came a Texas prison record. The 1910 census found Huddie Ledbetter in Harrison County, newly married. In 1915, after a pistol conviction, he escaped a chain gang and worked under the name Walter Boyd. In 1918 he was convicted of killing a relative, Will Stafford, and sent to Shaw State Prison Farm and later Imperial Farm. Governor Pat Neff, who had run on a pledge not to issue pardons, freed him in 1925 after Ledbetter wrote a song asking for it. Accounts disagree about how he got the name Lead Belly.

What the plaque says

Leadbelly in Deep Ellum The Dallas neighborhood known as Deep Ellum is one of the most significant in the history of the development of Texas music. Surrounding the intersection of Elm Street and Central Avenue in downtown Dallas, Deep Ellum was one of the largest and most dynamic urban African American communities in the United States during the early twentieth century. (The term "Deep Ellum" probably derives from the local pronunciation of "Elm" as "Ellum" and the fact that the area was on the "deep" or far end of Elm street.) As large numbers of African Americans moved into the city to search for jobs, many found work with the nearby railroads, which enabled shops, restaurants and other businesses to establish in the area. Deep Ellum became well-known during the 1920s and 1930s for its nightclubs and dance halls, and many notable musicians lived and performed in the community, playing in churches, on street corners and in bars. Musician Huddie "Leadbelly" Ledbetter (ca. 1888-1949) was born in Caddo Parish, Louisiana. Leadbelly moved to Dallas ca. 1910 and it was here that he heard his first jazz band and where he discovered the 12-string guitar—the instrument that eventually became his favorite. Leadbelly met another musician, Blind Lemon Jefferson, in Dallas ca. 1912, and the two became musical partners, performing on street corners, in clubs, and on the interurban railroad that served the Dallas area. Leadbelly, Jefferson and their Deep Ellum colleagues influenced later generations and had a major impact on the development of American blues, country, jazz and rock music. (2009)

Where it stands

Worth the stop nearby

• Dallas Heritage Village at Old City Park — 0.6 mi
  Dallas's first city park, laid out around Browder's Spring in 1876, now a museum of historic buildings moved here from across North Texas, among them Millermore, a cotton planter's mansion.
• Dallas Museum of Art — 1.1 mi
  A city art museum that began as the Dallas Art Association in 1903, grew up in Fair Park, and has stood in the Arts District since 1984 under a forty-foot barrel vault.
• African American Museum, Dallas — 1.1 mi
  Founded in 1974 at Bishop College, a free Fair Park museum holding the Sepia photograph archive, African art and A. Maceo Smith's papers, and the story of the Hall of Negro Life.
• Fair Park — 1.3 mi
  The State Fair of Texas grounds since 1886, where the 1936 Texas Centennial Exposition left one of the country's greatest concentrations of Art Deco exposition buildings.

More markers nearby

• Wilson Block — 0.4 mi
• Baylor College of Dentistry — 0.5 mi
• Sons of Hermann in Dallas — 0.5 mi
• City of East Dallas — 0.5 mi